Abstract
Recently a mitochondrial DNA polymorphism (EST00083) was found at significantly different frequencies in high IQ and low IQ groups in two independent studies. We have used mitochondrial sequences from a range of populations to show that this polymorphism occurred more than once in human history. Furthermore, the polymorphism is particularly common in Europe where it is predominantly associated with a single mitochondrial line (lineage) that appears to date back to the expansion of anatomically modern humans into Europe about 35,000 years ago. Examination of the genetic diversity within this mitochondrial lineage, together with the known migration and settlement of Europeans into the USA, suggests that the observed IQ associated polymorphism found in Cleveland Ohio is likely to be restricted to only one form (sub-group) of this mitochondrial lineage.
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