Abstract
The lightning energy can be very harmfull to the wind turbine farm components. This paper attempts to evaluate the overvoltages at the sensitive points in wind farm, using ATP-EMTP package program. Four cases were performed; a) the transient voltage distribution in the insulating layer of the control line, b) the transient voltage on the control equipment, c) the coupling voltage between the tower and the control, and, d) the transient voltage distribution in the wind turbine WT generator, boast transformers and grid. These cases were performed under different lightning current conditions and at conventional design and proper design of grounding system. The results show that the ground potential rise (GPR) is reduced with using the proper design of wind turbine ground system, but the induced voltage at the control system will not affected. This work determines the optimum location of wind turbine at the areas of maximum lightning incidence. Ant colony optimization (ACO) technique is implemented to find the optimum wind farm location. This work enhances the protection strategy of the wind farms against lightning stroke.
Highlights
When wind turbines are attacked by lightning, a harmful induced voltage can be generated on wind turbine blade, tower, conductors of internal control cable, and shielding layer of cables [1, 2, 3, 4]
Mitigation of Lightning Hazards Using Ant Colony Optimization Technique From previous results The GPR is reduced by a proper design of wind turbine ground system but induced voltage in control system not affected so this paper introduced to identify optimum new location of wind turbine distant from the areas with maximum lightning incidence
The results show that the transient voltage of the upper and lower ends of the insulating layer of the control line was higher than that at the middle
Summary
When wind turbines are attacked by lightning, a harmful induced voltage can be generated on wind turbine blade, tower, conductors of internal control cable, and shielding layer of cables [1, 2, 3, 4]. The method and path of induced voltage generation can be classified as; the inductive induced voltage and the capacitive induced voltage Another serious problem known as "back-flow surge" is happened, which can cause damages to the struck wind turbine, and the other turbines. The impact of capacitive induced voltages on the wind turbine system, i.e. insulation of shielding control cables, electrical control device, de-icing systems will be investigated. Modeling of Onshore Wind Farm Components Using ATP/EMTP the detailed high frequency modeling of the electric components of the onshore wind farm using the ATP/EMTP is demonstrated These components include Tower, Control systems, Transmission line (TL), transformers, power system grid and surge arresters. Where C01~C010 are grounding capacities of tower, C12 is the capacitive coupling path between tower and shielding layer of cable, C23 is the capacitive coupling path between shielding layer of cable and inner conductor, z1, z2, and z3 are the impedance of tower, impedance of shielding layer of cable, and the impedance of cable conductor [4]
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