Mitigation of Interturn Short-Circuits in IPMSM by Using MTPCC Control Adaptive to Fault Severity

Abstract

Incipient interturn short-circuits (ITSCs) in permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) develop to direct short-circuit without proper mitigation. This article proposes an ITSC mitigation control for standard three-phase interior PMSMs (IPMSMs) driven by typical three-phase inverters, named as maximum torque per circulating current (MTPCC), to constrain the circulating current (CC) due to ITSC within acceptable limits so as to delay the insulation degradation between shorted turns, and to maximize output torque to support the postfault performance. In the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$dq$</tex-math></inline-formula> current plane, it is shown that for a specific fault severity and machine speed, the operating points with the same CC form a circle, and for constant torque with ITSC is a hyperbola. ITSC is a fast-developing fault that implies the fault severity continues to increase with time, and the positions of the CC circle and torque hyperbola change with the increasing fault severity in the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$dq$</tex-math></inline-formula> current plane. The MTPCC control updates the mitigation operating point automatically, depending on the positions of the CC circle and torque hyperbola with respect to the circle of the machine's maximum current, to produce the maximum possible torque as the fault severity changes, which shows that it is adaptive to the variation of fault severity. The proposed mitigation control is validated through experiments.