Mitigating Generation Schedule Deviation of Wind Farm Using Battery Energy Storage System

Adel El-Shahat,Baseem Khan,Almoataz Y Abdelaziz,Asmamaw Sewnet,Om Prakash Mahela,Issaias Gidey

doi:10.3390/en15051768

Adel El-Shahat, Baseem Khan + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/en15051768

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Abstract

Meeting the generation schedule in a wind farm is a major issue. This work utilized battery energy storage systems (BESS) integrated wind farms (WF) to supply energy to the power grid at a pre-determined generation schedule, which was set previously based on the meteorological forecast and BESS characteristics. This study proposed the integration of two independently controlled BESS into the WF to balance stochastic power deviations between actual wind power and scheduled power. By utilizing linear optimization and solving in MATLAB, simulation models of the operations of BESS-integrated WF have been developed. The technical performance of the BESS-integrated wind farm on meeting the generation schedule, along with the cost benefits and profit attributed to the BESS, is therefore measured by a series of indices. The simulation on a practical wind farm, i.e., Adama-I WF, Ethiopia shows that even though it depends on the type of state exchanging strategy adopted, the developed methodology of integrating BESS into the WF is effective and BESS profits can totally cover the cost. Technical and economic indices that resulted from the integration of two separate BESSs with independent control were compared with indices that resulted from integrating a single BESS. Simulation results show that operating the wind farm with two independently controlled batteries has better performance as compared to operating with a single battery. It also shows that the discharging and charging state exchanging approaches of the BESS (in the case of two battery integration), as well as the number of batteries integrated into the wind farm, have significant impacts on the performance of the WF integrated with BESS.

Highlights

Relatively high levels of wind power penetration have been achieved in some countries
Denmark has an ambitious target of 50% in 2020 of which around 48% wind power generation is achieved whereas the United States has planned projections of wind power capacity to be as large as 30% of total generation by 2030
A methodology to incorporate BESS into wind farms (WF) has been developed to allow the WFs associated with battery energy storage systems to meet, to some degree, the required generation schedules

Summary

Introduction

Relatively high levels of wind power penetration have been achieved in some countries. The penetration level of Denmark has reached 48%, followed by Ireland with 30% and Portugal with 30%, according to the report of the United States of America Department of Energy [2]. WFs, unlike traditional generators, are unable to be deployed flexibly because of the unpredictability of wind patterns and, as a result, their intrinsic probabilistic character. Network administrators must deploy extra operating reserve to deal with probabilistic wind energy in terms of maintaining the appropriate degree of grid security and dependability [3]. Fast advancements in battery storage have offered a potential way to deal with probabilistic wind energy [6,7]

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Conclusion