Abstract
Anodic corrosion limits the performance of aluminum–air batteries (AABs) by reducing discharge capacity and hindering energy density. This study proposes a strategy to mitigate anodic corrosion by controlling electrolyte cations to decrease the activity of free water molecules in the anodic corrosion process. Alkali metal cations (Na+, K+, Rb+) are introduced into a 1mol dm−3 KOH solution to examine their solvation properties and effects on free water molecule activity. Results show that larger cations (Na+ < K+ < Rb+) enhance anode discharge capacity by promoting more stable discharge reactions. Raman spectroscopy reveals that as cation radius increases, free water molecule activity decreases due to increased hydration. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows that larger cations favor the formation of corrosion-resistant aluminum compounds like Al2O3 and Al(OH)3, due to their higher concentration in the electric double layer, inhibiting anodic corrosion. This study highlights the critical role of cation solvation in enhancing electrochemical performance and corrosion resistance of AAB anodes.
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