Abstract

Some patients with congenital aural atresia (CAA) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) retroposition are easily misdiagnosed with external auditory canal stenosis (EACS) with cholesteatoma, especially when the cavum conchae have an orifice like a narrow external auditory canal (EAC). It could be misdiagnosed in physical examination, hearing test and radiology. Intraoperative exploration could help distinguish the two conditions. Traditional hearing reconstruction surgery cannot be performed because the posterior TMJ occupies the EAC. This condition should be identified accurately in clinical practice to prevent misdiagnosis.

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