Miscarriage and Associated Risk Factors in India: A Brief Review

Abstract

In India, there is dearth of statistical data on still birth, miscarriage and induce abortion. In addition to this, data on miscarriage on first, second and third trimester among unskilled daily wage women workers is lacking in India. Women even in their early age (20 to 30 years) suffers from physical, emotional and social trauma that are associated with still birth, miscarriage or induce abortion. Miscarriage among women workers can be due to multiple factors such as nutrition, environmental factors, occupational factors, individual health status, socio-economic and demographic factors as well as various clinical parameters are associated. Women involved in manual labour with low socio economic status bear triple burden such as domestic, economic and work related responsibility which make them more vulnerable. Women with low socio economic status live in poverty with lack of basic amenities, low wage and lack of social security. In addition to this, there is poor housing, lack of sanitation, unhygienic migratory settlements, lack of safe and potable drinking water, improper nutrition and lack in health facilities making them more vulnerable. Unexpected or unfavorable pregnancy outcomes can be stress full for working women and their families. The research intended to estimate the prevalence of miscarriage among women and to study risk factors associated with it.