MiRNA Profiling in the Chicken Liver under the Influence of Early Microbiota Stimulation with Probiotic, Prebiotic, and Synbiotic.

Michalina Sikorska,Maria Siwek,Anna Slawinska,Aleksandra Dunislawska

doi:10.3390/genes12050685

Abstract

Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is a form of interaction of the external environment on reading and transcription of genetic information encoded in nucleic acids. We provided evidence that early stimulation of the chicken microbiota with in ovo delivered synbiotics influenced gene expression and DNA methylation in the liver. Therefore, we hypothesize that the stimulation of microbiota by administering bioactive substances in ovo also affects the activity of miRNA in liver. For the analysis of miRNA activity, RNA was isolated from liver of adult broiler chicken and native chicken breed. The animals received a prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic in ovo on day 12 of egg incubation. The analysis of miRNA expression was performed using the LNA method on a miRNA panel selected on the basis of previous microarray experiments. We have found increased miRNA expression activity after probiotic and synbiotic administration, especially in native chicken breed. Our results suggest that prebiotics reduce or do not affect miRNA activity. We have also shown that miRNA activity is regulated by the substance and genotype of the chicken. We can conclude that miRNAs constitute an important component of the molecular mechanism of host–probiotic interaction in liver.

Highlights

Ross showed an increase in miR-199b activity in the synbiotic group and low activity in the control group
In Greenlegged Partridgelike (GP) miRNAs—miR204-5p, miR-199b, miR-1674, miR1652 and miR1598 show the same relationship—an increase was seen in their activity after the administration of a probiotic and a synbiotic, while a decrease or no change compared to control was seen after the administration of a prebiotic
The miR-1708 profile shows the lowest activity in the prebiotic group, while the highest was in the control group

Summary

Introduction

Host-microbiota crosstalk leads to measurable modulation of the molecular pathways [1]. Stimulation of the chicken microbiota with in ovo delivered synbiotics on day 12 of egg incubation influenced gene expression [2] and DNA methylation [3] in the liver. Lactobacillus synbiotic delivered in ovo hypermethylated ANGPTL4 gene, which is involved in the metabolic pathways related to decreased lipoprotein lipase activity, triglyceride homeostasis, and angiogenesis [3]. Hypermethylation results in the silencing of the ANGPTL4 gene expression. Another gene which has been epigenetically changed upon synbiotic administration is NR4A3, which is responsible for the regulation of fatty acid use, muscle mass, cell proliferation and differentiation and promotes food intake and body weight gain [3]. Upregulation of the NR4A3 gene expression is associated with a significant decrease in methylation

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