Abstract
Aims: The aim of the work was to establish potential biomarkers or drug targets by analysing changes in miRNA concentration among patients with Gaucher disease (GD) compared to in healthy subjects. Methods: This study was an observational, cross-sectional analysis of 30 adult participants: 10 controls and 20 adults with GD type 1. Patients with GD type 1 were treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for at least two years. The control group was composed of healthy volunteers, unrelated to the patients, adjusted with age, sex and body mass index (BMI). The miRNA alteration between these groups was examined. After obtaining preliminary results on a group of six GD patients by the high-output method (TaqMan low-density array (TLDA)), potential miRNAs were selected for confirming the results by using the qRT-PCR method. With Diane Tools, we analysed miRNAs of which differential expression is most significant and their potential role in GD pathophysiology. We also determined the essential pathways these miRNAs are involved in. Results: 266 dysregulated miRNAs were found among 753 tested. Seventy-eight miRNAs were downregulated, and 188 were upregulated. Thirty miRNAs were significantly altered; all of them were upregulated. The analysis of pathways regulated by the selected miRNAs showed an effect on bone development, inflammation or regulation of axonal transmission in association with Parkinson’s disease. Conclusions: We revealed few miRNAs, like miR-26-5p, which are highly altered and fit the GD pathophysiological model, might be considered as novel biomarkers of disease progression but need further evaluation.
Highlights
Among lysosomal storage diseases, Gaucher disease (GD) is one of the most common
Three types of GD are recognized upon central nervous system (CNS) involvement: nonneuronopathic (GD type 1: OMIM #230800), acute neuronopathic (GD type 2: OMIM #230900) and chronic neuronopathic (GD type 3: OMIM #231000)
The analysed groups: control and GD patients were comparable in gender distribution, age and anthropometric parameters
Summary
Gaucher disease (GD) is one of the most common. It is estimated that around 1 per 57,000 newborns is affected worldwide [1]. The most common form of GD, covering approximately 94% of cases, is type 1, which can manifest itself at any age [5]. It is characterised by haematological changes such as thrombocytopenia, anaemia and highly pronounced splenomegaly. Type 2 with a very severe course, regardless of the treatment attempts, leads to death around two years of age, while type 3, in addition to organ changes, is associated with the involvement of the central nervous system, characterised by the presence of drug-resistant epilepsy; in this case, patients live to adulthood [5]
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