Abstract
Nowadays, HIV-infected patients have higher rates of cardiovascular diseases than non-infected patients because these patients now live longer and have to deal with the complications of ageing. Noncompaction left-ventricular cardiomyopathy is a rare disorder characterized by the persistence of embryonic pattern of myoarchitecture with arrest in endomyocardial morphogenesis and hypertrabeculation with deep intertrabecular recesses. This condition has been described more often in infants and children and very rarely in adults. The disorder has been clinically associated with depressed ventricular function, heart failure and significant risk of life-threatening arrhythmia. The echocardiographic pattern is diagnostic and prognosis is similar to that of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, with a mortality rate of 80% at 6 years. Isolated noncompaction of left ventricular myocardium should be included in the differential diagnosis of young patients with heart failure, especially in those with familial background of sudden death.
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