Abstract
The political system of Kosovo belongs to the power sharing democracies. Indeed, it has all the characteristics of Consociational Democracy. In addition to that, minority veto rights are absolute and go above the aims of this type of democracy. As it is designed in current Constitutional arrangements, even a single word of Constitution can’t be changed without minorities’ vote. This is different from other Consociational Democracies, where minorities are entitled with selected veto power only regarding their vital interests, but they cannot block constitutional decision-making. Since Kosovo is among the youngest countries worldwide, this constitutional provision can be a heavy obstacle even in the state building efforts of majority. Therefore, in this article we will try to explain in depth this constitutional arrangement versus principles of sharing power systems and versus similar democracies in the region and wider. The doctrinal constitutional interpretation, descriptive and comparative methods are the main pillars of research methodology.
Highlights
The political system of Kosovo belongs to the power sharing democracies
This type of minority veto right is typical of the conscious democracies and, as it is regulated by the constitution, promotes and guarantees the protection of the specific vital interests of the communities
The range of national interests is wider than in other cases analyzed here and, it is clearly defined on the constitution
Summary
The political system of Kosovo belongs to the power sharing democracies. The governance system in Kosovo is a distinct model of democracies with powers shared among the communities, namely derivative of the consensus theory. Regarding non-territorial autonomy, as a prerequisite of consensus-based democracy, the Kosovo Constitution for non-majority communities guarantees three types of autonomy: personal autonomy, cultural autonomy and high degree of selfgovernment, especially in municipalities dominated by the Serb community. In these municipalities, the Law on Local Self-Government, in addition to its own and delegated competences, guarantees enhanced competencies in the field of education, health and appointment of local police commanders (Kosovo Assembly, 2008).
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