Abstract
Abstract Ellagic acid is an important phytochemical present in different plants such as Strawberry, Grapes, Blackberry, Raspberry etc. Chemically, ellagic acid is 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrahydroxychromeno [5, 4, 3-cde] chromene-5, 10-dione. It is an organic heterotetracyclic compound resulting from the dimerization of gallic acid molecules by oxidative aromatic coupling with intramolecular lactonization. Ellagic acid has been reported for various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-mutagenic etc. Various analytical methods based on spectrophotometry, chromatography, hyphenated techniques, capillary zone electrophoresis etc. have been developed for identification and quantification of ellagic acid in natural sources and formulations. The present review provides detailed information on quantitative analysis of ellagic acid present in Strawberry, Grapes, Blackberry, Raspberry, Cranberry; Syzygium cumini seed extract, Woodfordia fruticosa plant extract, Potentilla species extracts etc. It also focuses on analytical methods for quantification of ellagic acid in herbal and traditional formulations such as Ashwagandharishta, Triphala churna, Dhatrinisha churna, Arjunarishta, Manjisthadi churna.
Highlights
Tannins are phenolic compounds found in different plants
Various analytical methods based on spectrophotometry, chromatography, hyphenated techniques, capillary zone electrophoresis etc. have been developed for identification and quantification of ellagic acid in natural sources and formulations
Ellagic acid was analyzed in hydrolyzed extracts of Punica granatum by the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method and the report showed that retention time for ellagic acid was 10.32 min, detection limit 2.8 μg/mL, relative standard deviation for the within-day precision was 1.23%, and average recovery was 98.32%
Summary
Tannins are phenolic compounds found in different plants. They precipitate proteins and form complex. These are usually present in small amounts in plants. One of the important biophysical techniques that enables us the separation, identification and purification of the phytoconstituent is chromatography It is used for quantitative and qualitative analysis. Aguilera-Carbo and co-workers in 2007 reported production of ellagic acid by fungal solid state culture using polyurethane foam (PUF) as support from an aqueous extract obtained from pomegranate husk (Punica granatum) [54]. It is combustible and incompatible with strong oxidizing agents
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