Abstract
Natural products, like turmeric, are considered powerful antioxidants which exhibit tumor-inhibiting activity and chemoradioprotective properties. Nowadays, there is a great demand for developing novel, affordable, efficacious, and effective anticancer drugs from natural resources. In the present study, we have employed a stringent in silico methodology to mine and finally propose a number of natural products, retrieved from the biomedical literature. Our main target was the systematic search of anticancer products as anticancer agents compatible to the human organism for future use. In this case and due to the great plethora of such products, we have followed stringent bioinformatics methodologies. Our results taken together suggest that natural products of a great diverse may exert cytotoxic effects in a maximum of the studied cancer cell lines. These natural compounds and active ingredients could possibly be combined to exert potential chemopreventive effects. Furthermore, in order to substantiate our findings and their application potency at a systems biology level, we have developed a representative, user-friendly, publicly accessible biodatabase, NaturaProDB, containing the retrieved natural resources, their active ingredients/fractional mixtures, the types of cancers that they affect, and the corresponding experimentally verified target genes.
Highlights
Cancer represents one of the leading causes of death globally
Data collected from those studies regarding the scientific name of the source organism or food, natural product or fractional extract mixture, target cancer type, cell lines used for assessing anticancer activity in in vitro experimental studies, and target gene symbol along with its expression status were merged and recorded in a table (Table S1)
The vast majority of natural products originated from plants; natural compounds were extracted from fungi, bacteria, marine organisms, and dairy products
Summary
Cancer represents one of the leading causes of death globally. According to the World Cancer Report of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the World Health Organization (WHO), the global cancer burden is estimated to have risen to 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018 (GLOBOCAN 2018 database: https://gco.iarc.fr/). Research efforts are directed towards the discovery of naturally derived chemical compounds with anticancer potential [1]. A great number of highly potent bioactive compounds, derived from plants, have been found to possess anticancer properties, and this number is increasing exponentially [2, 3]. There are natural products with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities [4, 5], thereby preventing oxidative stress and inflammation, which can cause damage to DNA, eventually leading to genomic instability and eventually to carcinogenesis [6, 7].)
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