Mining-Induced Time-Series Deformation Investigation Based on SBAS-InSAR Technique: A Case Study of Drilling Water Solution Rock Salt Mine.

Xiangbin Liu,Jianbo Tan,Zhihui Yuan,Xuemin Xing,Lifu Chen,Bin Liu,Debao Wen

doi:10.3390/s19245511

Abstract

Compared to traditional coal mines, the mining-induced dynamic deformation of drilling solution mining activities may result in even more serious damage to surface buildings and infrastructures due to the different exploitation mode. Therefore, long-term dynamic monitoring and analysis of rock salt mines is extremely important for preventing potential geological damages. In this work, the small baseline subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) technique with Sentinel−1A imagery is utilized to monitor the ground surface deformation of a rock salt mining area. The time-series analysis is carried out to obtain the spatial–temporal characteristics of land subsidence caused by drilling solution mining activities. A typical rock salt mine in Changde, China is selected as the test site. Twenty-four scenes of Sentinel−1A image data acquired from June 2015 to January 2017 are used to obtain the time-series subsidence of the test mine. The temporal–spatial evolution of the derived settlement funnels is revealed. The time-series deformation on typical feature points has been analyzed. Experimental results show that the obtained drilling solution mining-induced subsidence has a spatial characteristic of multiplied peaks along the transversal direction. Temporally, the large-scale surface settlement for the rock salt mine area begins to appear in September 2016, with a time lag of 8 months, and shows an obvious seasonal fluctuation. The maximum cumulative subsidence is detected up to 199 mm. These subsiding characteristics are consistent with the connected groove mining method used in drilling water solution mines. To evaluate the reliability of the results, the SBAS-derived results are compared with the field-leveling measurements. The estimated root mean square error (RMSE) of ±11 mm indicates a high consistency.

Highlights

The reserves of mirabilite deposits of China had been proved to be accumulated up to 1117.20 billion tons until the end of 2017 [1]
Two salt can based be seenonthat well is built on an oil a dissolution cavity inmethod the mining singleItwell an each salt well is built on an oil pad with a dissolution cavity in the mining layer
From the spatial characteristics of the color distribution, we can see that the obvious subsiding points were densely distributed in the center part of the images, where the rock salt mine was located

Summary

Introduction

The reserves of mirabilite deposits of China had been proved to be accumulated up to 1117.20 billion tons until the end of 2017 [1]. An omnidirectional advanced drilling solution mining is the dominate exploitation method for most mirabilite mines [2]. The connected groove mining method based on Sensors 2019, 19, 5511; doi:10.3390/s19245511 www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors Sensors. 19,applied x FOR PEER an oil pad forREVIEW most of the drilling solution mining activities. It can be seen that each salt schematic diagram ofpad the with connected groove mining with layer. Two salt can based be seenonthat well is built on an oil a dissolution cavity inmethod the mining Thewells. SingleItwell an each salt well is built on an oil pad with a dissolution cavity in the mining layer. The single based oil pad is used to build grooves in the early stages of drilling solution mining

Methods

Results

Conclusion