Abstract
The Energy hole problem, a common phenomenon in wireless sensor networks, significantly decreases the lifetime of any deployed network. Some of the popular techniques to minimize such problems are using mobile sinks instead of static sinks, extending the transmission range dynamically, and deploying redundant sensor nodes near the base station/sink. The major drawback to these techniques are that energy holes may still be created at some point due to their static nature of deployment, despite having the overall residual energy very high. In this research work, we adopt a new approach by dividing the whole network into equiangular wedges and merging a wedge with its neighboring wedge dynamically whenever individual residual energy of all member nodes of a wedge fall below a threshold value. We also propose an efficient Head Node (HN) selection scheme to reduce the transmission energy needed for forwarding data packets among Head Nodes. Simulation results show that WEMER, our proposed WEdge MERging based scheme, provides significantly higher lifetime and better energy efficiency compared to state-of-the-art Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems (PEGASIS) and contemporary Concentric Clustering Scheme (CCS), and Multilayer Cluster Designing Algorithm (MCDA).
Highlights
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), a collection of a large number of resource constraint sensor nodes [1], are widely used in applications like environment monitoring, military surveillance, disaster forecasting, agriculture, remote patient monitoring, factory automation [2,3,4], etc
Residual Energy (RE) of each sector in every round, and if the RE of a sector is less than a as the main selection factor, this paper considers the distance between a prospective Head Node (HN) and predefined threshold, it merges with one of its neighbor sectors that has higher RE
As a100 result, the proposed protocol prohibits the sudden death of the node
Summary
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), a collection of a large number of resource constraint sensor nodes [1], are widely used in applications like environment monitoring, military surveillance, disaster forecasting, agriculture, remote patient monitoring, factory automation [2,3,4], etc. In such applications, the main task of the sensor nodes is to collect the relevant data from the environment and send this gathered data to the Base Station (BS) or sink through multi-hop communication.
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