Minimizing distortions with sectored GEM electrodes

Abstract

Electrode sectorization is an important design principle for large area GEM based detectors. It reduces the energy of discharges and permits to disconnect defective or shorted sectors, but induces a local signal distortion and a potential efficiency loss. We implemented and evaluated a new design approach for the insulating gaps between electrode sectors, to minimize or mitigate distortions and dead regions. By preserving the hole pattern of GEMs even in the insulating region between electrode sectors, the response of the detector in these regions was partly recovered resulting in reduced distortions. Single-side sectored GEMs were optically read out to study the influence of different sectorization patterns. Recorded images show a clear improvement with full holes both aligned with the rows and with a random alignment as compared to the traditional blank insulating strip between sectors. A sectored GEM manufactured on a substrate coated with a resistive DLC layer was evaluated and shown to minimize distortions. The investigated sectorization patterns provide a way of recovering signals in the insulating or resistive regions between sectors in GEM-based detectors.