Abstract

The major advantages of liquid nitrogen and neon cooled heat intercepts over those cooled with helium gas are that nitrogen and neon boiling at constant temperatures holds the shield temperatures constant and these cryogens can be stored for long time operation without refrigeration. The major problem with helium cooling is that the shield starts to warm up immediately whenever refrigeration is interrupted because there is no reserve. The purpose of this work is to develop a procedure to minimize the total refrigerator power input requirement by locating the liquid nitrogen and neon cooled heat intercepts both on supports and in multilayer insulation. The optimization method is based on the Lagrange multipliers method and obtained results are normalized.

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