Abstract
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has been routinely used to treat mitral and aortic valve disease for years. Most MICS are performed under direct vision. Totally endoscopic approach has emerged as an attractive procedure with or without robotic assist. We describe our technique for totally endoscopic valve operation that was iteratively improved over the years. A skin incision is limited to 3 cm - 4 cm centimeters without the need for rib-spreading. Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has been routinely used to treat mitral and aortic valve disease for years. Most MICS are performed under direct vision. Totally endoscopic approach has emerged as an attractive procedure with or without robotic assist. We describe our technique for totally endoscopic valve operation that was iteratively improved over the years. A skin incision is limited to 3 cm - 4 cm centimeters without the need for rib-spreading.
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