Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in metaphyseal fractures of tibia

Abstract

Introduction: Treating tibial metaphyseal fractures is still great challenge. However, two of most used techniques are locked intramedullary nail and minimally-invasive bridge plate. Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) offers biological advantages. Reduced soft tissue dissection and exposition results in low surgical trauma and preservation of blood supply. Aim of study was to evaluate results of MIPO in treatment of metaphyseal fractures of tibia and to compare efficacy in treating metaphyseal fractures of tibia with other similar studies. Materials and Methods: This study was performed with 30 metaphyseal fractures of tibia with MIPO in hospitals attached to BMCRI. All cases were fresh fractures and traumatic. There were 12 proximal tibial and 18 distal tibial fractures. Temporary joint spanning external fixation was used for severe soft tissue injuries in 6 patients. All the fractures were stabilized by minimally invasive plating. Cases were followed up for an average of 14.1 months. Results: All fractures united. Proximal and disal tibia fractures united after an average of 6.3 and 6.6 months respectively. In proximal and distal tibia fractures, average range of motion achieved was 81.75° and 48.8° respectively. One patient with distal tibia fracture had a malunion with valgus alignment of more than 5°. Conclusion: Minimally invasive percutaneous plating facilitates in early mobilization of the patient which helps in healing of the fracture and prevents joint stiffness. It promotes early union as it does not disturb anatomy and physiology of vascularity at fracture site. There is minimal risk of infection and minimal blood loss.