Minimally Invasive Interphalangeal Arthrodesis.

Abstract

Distal interphalangeal joint fusion is usually the surgical treatment for primary or posttraumatic osteoarthrosis when conservative measures fail. All fusion techniques aim for solid fusion with joint chondral resection, bone to bone contact and stable fixation in an adequate position. This is performed with an open dorsal approach considering the risks of soft tissue complications. We describe a technique of resecting bone cartilage and getting stable fixation with 2 mini incisions, 1 lateral and 1 in the digital pulp. Using a digital block anesthesia and under fluoroscopy, a small round burr is introduced into the joint by a lateral joint line stab incision. The joint space is enlarged by manual traction on the finger. After adequate cartilage resection, good bone to bone contact in an adequate position is fixed with a cannulated Herbert screw inserted percutaneously by the finger pulp. We describe 4 cases operated with this technique, 3 for pain and 1 for esthetics. All 4 demonstrated good results and were satisfied. X-rays showed solid fusion in 8 to 12 weeks. There was one complication with skin burning because of the burr heating and the authors describe how to avoid it. Minimally invasive distal interphalangeal joint fusion is a simple, reproducible technique that maintains the important steps for a solid arthrodesis with the advantage of preserving the soft tissue envelope.