Miniaturized on-line digestion system for the sequential identification and characterization of protein analytes

Abstract

A miniaturized on-column digestion system constructed for the sequential analysis of semi-purified protein analytes is presented. By utilizing fused silica capillary (diameter 150 μm) packed with a zone of trypsin-modified Eupergit C beads and a second zone of reversed-phase C18 material, a linear column set-up was constructed. The protein analytes (pmol amounts) were first digested in the 600 nl trypsin reactor portion of the system. Next, the generated peptides were trapped in the C18 column shaped as an electrospray emitter. Finally, after washing the matrix free from salts and other hydrophilic impurities present in the sample, peptides were eluted. A stepwise increased concentration profile of organic solvent, created by a dual syringe pump system, promoted the release of bound peptides, which were identified by electrospray ionization MS/MS. This approach proved to be very efficient, achieving almost complete digestion of the proteins studied, with suitable operational stability maintained for more than 1 week. Further, a small nebulizer was designed and fitted to the electrospray emitter. A significant improvement of the spray stability was observed and droplet build-up on the capillary was avoided, even at flow rates well above 1500 nl/min. The proteins chloroperoxidase, staphylococcal enterotoxin B and protein A (injection volume 0.3 μl, salt concentration 0.2–1 M) were sequentially digested, desalted, eluted, detected and conclusively identified by bioinformatics web tools with an analytical cycle time of 10 min.