Abstract

A miniature single-mode fiber (SMF) refractive index (RI) interferometer sensor based on high order cladding mode and core offset is presented. The sensor is fabricated by first splicing a very short SMF to another SMF with core-offset to induce cladding mode propagation along the short SMF. The end of the SMF will be melted into a rounded tip to excite the propagating cladding mode into higher order at reflection which creates large phase delay. High RI sensitivity of 1.24 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> refractive index unit (RIU) and 8.35 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> RIU for RIU of 1.3350 and 1.3845, are obtained, respectively, for the physical length of 690- μm sensor.

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