Abstract
In recent years, EBG has emerged to be one of the vital technologies for developing the characteristics of the antenna. The EBG technology manipulates the substrate in such a way that surface waves are completely forbidden from forming, resulting in antenna efficiency and bandwidth improvements, while reducing the side lobes and electromagnetic interference levels. EBG is also used to improve the isolation and diversity gain in MIMO systems. EBG is also used to get notched characteristic in ultra-wideband antenna. In this chapter, a compact dual U-shaped slot planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) antenna with electromagnetic band gap (EBG) material on a relatively low dielectric constant substrate is presented. The EBG material suitable for a small terminal mobile handset operating at 2.4 GHz was investigated. Simulated and measured scattering parameters are compared for U-shaped slot PIFA antenna with and without EBG structures. EBG structures have found to reduce mutual coupling and reduce the separation of the antenna and ground plane. An evaluation of MIMO antennas is presented, with analysis of the mutual coupling, correlation coefficient, total active reflection coefficient (TARC), channel capacity and capacity loss. The proposed antenna meets the requirements for practical application within a mobile handset.
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