Abstract
Paratecoma peroba is a native Brazilian forest species of great economic and ecological interest, which is currently at risk of extinction owing to excessive wood exploration. The use of the mini-cutting technique could facilitate the vegetatively propagation of this species. The objective of the present study was to establish a vegetative propagation protocol for P. peroba using the mini-cutting technique. In the first experiment, were tested five concentrations of indolbutiric acid (IBA; 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 g.L-1) and two types of substrates (sand and a commercial substrate based on ground Pinus bark, coconut powder, and mineral additives). In the second experiment, were tested three types of mini-cuttings (apical of 6 cm and 10 cm, and intermediary of 4 cm) and two leaf area sizes (total leaf area and reduced to 50% of leaf area). The results showed that P. peroba could be vegetatively propagated using the mini-cutting technique with up to 82.5% rooting. There was only 5.6% of mini-cutting rooted in sand. High concentrations of IBA promotes decrease in rooting and number of roots. The 10 cm apical mini-cuttiing tend to form clones with better quality standards. The maintenance of the leaf area promotes the attainment of roots with greater root surface area, volume and dry mass of P. Peroba plants.
Highlights
The evolution of Brazilian environmental legislation together with initiatives such as an international commitment to reforest 12 million hectares until 2030 as promised in the Paris Agreement in 2015 has increased the scientific interest in the production of seeds and seedlings of arboreal Brazilian flora species (Brasil, 2018)
The following hypotheses were tested: (i) P. peroba has the fitness for vegetative propagation by the minicutting technique; (ii) substrate influences the rooting of mini-cuttings; (iii) higher concentrations of indolbutiric acid (IBA) cause the indution of adventitious roots; and (iv) there is a relationship between the pattern of minicuttings and the rooting of P. peroba mini-cuttings
The mini-cuttings inserted planted in tubes with 55 cm3 capacity, which had been previously disinfected with a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution, and that contained a commercial substrate based on Pinus bark (Table 2), without the application of IBA, based on the results obtained in Experiment 1
Summary
The evolution of Brazilian environmental legislation together with initiatives such as an international commitment to reforest 12 million hectares until 2030 as promised in the Paris Agreement in 2015 has increased the scientific interest in the production of seeds and seedlings of arboreal Brazilian flora species (Brasil, 2018). Described as being a late secondary species (Archanjo et al, 2012) and having a large size, adult trees can reach up to 40 m in height with diameters varying from 40 to 80 cm (Lorenzi, 2009) In the past, this species was the target of intense extractivist exploitation owing to the technological qualities and natural beauty of its wood, and has been used to build coatings and luxury furniture (Lins and Nascimento, 2010). The seeds are recalcitrant and seedling growth is slow during the nursery phase, which can last up to eight months (Lorenzi, 2009) For these reasons, the search for alternative methods of propagation of this species is justified and important, such as the mini-cutting technique. The following hypotheses were tested: (i) P. peroba has the fitness for vegetative propagation by the minicutting technique; (ii) substrate influences the rooting of mini-cuttings; (iii) higher concentrations of indolbutiric acid (IBA) cause the indution of adventitious roots; and (iv) there is a relationship between the pattern of minicuttings and the rooting of P. peroba mini-cuttings
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