Mineralstoffzusammensetzung von Brotweizensorten unter dem Einfluss verschiedener Düngerquellen und Unkrautbekämpfungsmethoden

Abstract

Mineral and vitamin deficiencies are one of the important threats especially in developing and under-developed countries. Wheat grain also contains a number of elements vital to our biological functions, but hazardous to our health in high concentrations. This research was carried out to determine the effects of agronomic practices on the mineral composition of organically grown bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. In terms of all nutrients evaluated, the mineral content of wheat showed significant differences according to crop years, varieties, weed management methods and fertilizer sources. As the average of all factors, the Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni and Pb contents of the ground wheat grain were 3.93, 42.8, 79.6, 0.549, 11.34, 0.012, 0.140, 0.194, 3.71 and 0.269 mg/kg, respectively. According to the wheat varieties, the Kirik was superior in terms of Cu (7.6%), Fe (3.8%), Se (57%), Zn (40.5%), Co (31.1%) and Cr (36.1%), and the Dogu-88 was superior in terms of Mn (5.5%), Cd (1.9%), and Ni (17.0%). The effect of weed management methods on mineral content was variable. According to fertilizer sources, the highest mineral content was obtained from the control plots without fertilizer treatments. The lowest mineral contents were obtained from chemical fertilization, cattle manure and organic fertilizer applications. There was no significant increase in the mineral content of wheat with organic fertilization, however, organic agriculture still preserves its place in terms of healthy food. As a result, it has been determined that the values obtained for all mineral elements were not at a level that pose a risk on the environment, human and animal health according to WHO. In order to identify wheat varieties with higher mineral content, which are beneficial for human health, new research should be done with different organic fertilizer sources with more varieties.