Minerals-based sustainable development — One viable alternative

Abstract

Anti-mining sentiments are rife in Europe and North America. Environmental accidents associated with mining activities in numerous countries and resource wars in Africa have triggered harsh criticism, not only of mining but also of the metal industries in general. The purpose of this article is to discuss mining industry practices and responsibilities and to consider the options available for using mineral wealth as a lever for economic, social and cultural development. Our conclusions are that not only are minerals indispensable to such development, but possibly the only viable alternative for a better global standard of living. The article is organised into four sections: 1. First, the back ground to the current situation is reviewed; 2. The sustainability concept as applied to mining is discussed; 3. Transnational mining companies are key players and the target of much of the criticism and their role is analysed in the third section; 4. We consider the issue of poverty reduction and resources development.