Abstract
The low natural fertility of tropical soils and the mineralogy almost dominated by iron and aluminum oxides limit the availability of phosphorus (P) to the plants, causing negative impacts on soybean yield. Objective was to evaluate the effect of phosphate fertilization on soils with different maximum phosphorus adsorption capacities (PAC) in soybean development. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, using Red-yellow Latosol (RYL) and a Typic Hapludalf (TH) soil as substrate. The analyses were performed by a completely randomized experimental design in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement with three replications. The treatments consisted of 5 doses of P applied, corresponding to 0, 1, 6, 12, and 24% of PAC of each soil. In the soil, the mineralogy of the clay fraction (hematite, goethite, gibbsite and kaolinite) and crystallographic attributes were characterized. In the plant, we evaluated growth and pod production. The PAC of the soils ranged from 220 to 650 mg dm-3 with higher value in the RYL associated to clayey oxidic mineralogy and texture in relation to the TH of kaolinite origin and sandy texture, where the higher energy of adsorption observed was to TH. Phosphorus application from 16 to 21% of PAC, independently of the soil, promotes the same pattern of response with improvements in soybean development evidenced by increases in P content in plant tissue, plant height, root volume and aerial dry mass.
Highlights
Soybean is one of the most economically important oilseeds
In Cerrado, there is a lack of study that considers the potential of soybean exploration related to the mineralogical aspects of the soil. Aiming to fill this gap, this study proposes to evaluate the effect of phosphate fertilization on soils with different maximum phosphorus adsorption capacities (PAC) in soybean development
In the Red-Yellow Latosol (RYL), the adsorption potential was three fold higher the PAC of the Typic Hapludalf (TH) (Figure 1) that has with a sandy clay loam texture, as expected
Summary
Soybean is one of the most economically important oilseeds. It is growth in large areas, previously cultivated with degraded pastures (Feba, Moro, & Guerra, 2017). There is a preference for the Langmuir isotherm, because it allows to obtain the maximum soil phosphorus adsorption capacity (PAC) and the constant “k”, related to the energy of this element binding to the soil (Novais & Smyth, 1999) As it turns, the PAC is strongly associated with the clay content and the type of mineral present in the soil (Rolim Neto et al, 2004; Simões Neto et al, 2009; Corrêa, Nascimento, & Tavares, 2011). Aiming to fill this gap, this study proposes to evaluate the effect of phosphate fertilization on soils with different maximum phosphorus adsorption capacities (PAC) in soybean development
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