Abstract
<p><span lang="EN-US">Ophiolite complex in the west of Fanuj is 200 Km south west of Iranshahr in Sistan and Baluchestan province. This ophiolite complex lies in the uplift zone of the oceanic crust of Oman between Makran and Fanuj faults. Ophiolite of the west part of Fanuj is consisted of three parts including gabbro, diabase dikes and small quantity microdiorite masses. Ilmenite is the main mineral of titanium which along with magnetite has been formed independently or inter-crystalline way after crystallization of plagioclase, pyroxene and often along with amphibole in gabbro rocks. The formation of the broad gabbro masses which is associated with plagioclase and pyroxene crystallization in High Oxygen fugacity condition formed a fluid rich in iron and titanium during the formation of ferro gabbro rocks as the main host of the ilminite reserves. Gradual crystallization process and decrease in compatible elements such as </span><span lang="EN-US">Cr, Ni, Mg and increase in incompatible elements such as Mn</span><span lang="FA" dir="RTL">،</span><span lang="EN-US"> Na</span><span lang="FA" dir="RTL">،</span><span lang="EN-US"> Ti from the bottom to the upper parts of ophilite complex shows that </span><span lang="EN-US">the formation of the complex has been occurred through the process of crystal fractionation from a tholeiitic magma which is rich in titanium.</span></p>
Highlights
Oceanic crust is consisted of Basaltic, dibasic dikes, gabbro, peridotite composites along with radiolarites and pelagic limestones that during the uplift process on oceanic crust all or a portion of it raises on the earth surface in the form of tectonic uplift and it is called ophiolite (Knipper, 1986; Nicolas, 1989; Boulin, 1991)
The presence of clinopyroxen in the gabbro of ophiolite in the west of Fanuj leads to higher formation of metal minerals such as ilmenite and magnetite in an inter-crystalline form in the pyroxene (Figure3a) and they lead to independent formation of Titanomagnetite in the spaces between pyroxene and plagioclase minerals (Falaknazi & Karimi, 2015)
Ferrogabbro pegmatites can be seen in some parts of the gabbro mass which is similar to the other gabbro in mineralogy point of view (Figure 3f)
Summary
Oceanic crust is consisted of Basaltic, dibasic dikes, gabbro, peridotite composites along with radiolarites and pelagic limestones that during the uplift process on oceanic crust all or a portion of it raises on the earth surface in the form of tectonic uplift and it is called ophiolite (Knipper, 1986; Nicolas, 1989; Boulin, 1991). Ophiolite is consisted of mafic and ultra-mafic rocks of the earth’s crust and upper mantle which with respect to subduction areas they are moved (displaced) in a tectonic way and are replaced on lands and are regarded as a portion of the young oceanic crust or the back-arc basin. Basic rocks along with ultrabasic masses are of great importance in terms of mineralization of Iron and titanium. Bande Ziarat ophiolite in the south of Iran prossesses a high potential in terms of mineralization of Iron and titanium. Many studies have already been investigated ophiolite of Makran Zone (McCall, 1985; Proenza et al, 1999; Rollinson, 2005). The present study is the first scientific study on titanium-bearing gabbro of Makran ophiolite in Fanuj zone
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