Abstract
espanolLa aplicacion de la mineralogia en arqueologia ha venido creciendo en interes en particular con relacion a establecer la procedencia de las arcillas utilizadas en la elaboracion de artefactos ceramicos antiguos. La mineralogia no mostro una relacion clara con los colores expresados por el sistema ceramico definidos por los arqueologos; es decir, independiente del color del engobe, cada grupo tiene los mismos componentes mineralogicos. Se seleccionaron catorce piezas de alfareria prehispanica de la region de la Mesa de Los Santos (Colombia) para la caracterizacion mineralogica por difraccion de rayos X, microscopia electronica de barrido y espectroscopia infrarroja de transformada de Fourier. El objetivo del trabajo fue contribuir al conocimiento de la tecnologia de produccion y dilucidar una posible procedencia regional de estas ceramicas. Las fases mineralogicas observadas fueron plagioclasa, cuarzo, feldespato potasico, minerales de arcilla, micas, minerales de carbonato y oxidos de hierro. Las temperaturas de coccion estan en los rangos 600-800°C para casi todas las muestras analizadas. EnglishThe application of mineralogy in archeology has been growing in interest in particular in relation to establishing the origin of the clays used in the elaboration of ancient ceramic artifacts. The mineralogy did not show a clear relationship with the colors expressed by the pottery system defied by the archeologists; that is, independent of the color of the slip, each group has the same mineralogical components. Fourteen Pre-Hispanic pottery sherds from the Mesa de Los Santos region (Colombia) were selected for mineralogical characterization by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The objective of the work was to contribute to the knowledge of the production technology and elucidate a possible regional origin of these ceramics. The observed mineralogical phases were plagiocalse, quartz, potassium feldspar, clay minerals, micas, carbonate minerals, and iron oxides. Firing temperatures are in the ranges 600-800°C for almost all the analyzed samples.
Highlights
Several analytical techniques, such as X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution X-ray microtomography and gas chromatography– mass spectroscopy have been used in the mineralogical characterization of pottery sherds (e.g., Bong et al, 2010; Kahl and Ramminger, 2012; Grifa et al, 2013; Damjanović et al, 2014; Tarquini et al, 2014; Lettieri, 2015; Noll and Heimann, 2016)
This study dealt with the characterization of fourteen pottery sherds from Los Teres archaeological site located in the region of the Mesa de Los Santos region, Colombia
The pottery sherds were studied by the archaeologist to define the ceramic system, based on two determining variables present in the sample: (1) the color of the bath or slip of the surface and (2) the mineralogical composition of the paste for each group
Summary
Several analytical techniques, such as X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution X-ray microtomography and gas chromatography– mass spectroscopy have been used in the mineralogical characterization of pottery sherds (e.g., Bong et al, 2010; Kahl and Ramminger, 2012; Grifa et al, 2013; Damjanović et al, 2014; Tarquini et al, 2014; Lettieri, 2015; Noll and Heimann, 2016). The aim of this work was to carry out the mineralogical characterization of archaeological pre-Hispanic pottery sherds from the Mesa de Los Santos region, Colombia (FIGURE 1), representing the beginning of a long-term research developing provenance studies based on the archeometry of ceramic pottery, which will provide new interesting and useful information on pre-Hispanic societies.
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