Abstract
The fossilized remains of the Diabinho turtle are unequivocally composed of hydroxyapatite or carbonate-hydroxyapatite minerals inherited partly from the original bones and partially recrystallized during the period of burial within the clayey carbonate sandstones of the Solimões Formation. Furthermore, significant amounts of calcite, gypsum, barite, siderite, and pyrite were discovered in the surrounding sediments and filled and replaced the structure of the bones. This demonstrates that the turtle’s fossilized bones underwent diagenetic alteration, which is the same process that affected the surrounding sediments. The iron oxyhydroxides discovered were formed when the skeleton was exposed to surface weather conditions, leaving no room for doubt about the authenticity of these findings.
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