Mineralization of 2,4- dichlorophenol by ectomycorrhizal fungi in axenic culture and in symbiosis with pine

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to determine if two ectomycorrhizal fungi ( Paxillus involutus and Suillus variegatus) could degrade 2,4- dichlorophenol, both in axenic liquid culture and during symbiosis with a host tree species Pinus sylvestris. Both fungi readily degraded 2,4- dichlorophenol in batch culture with similar rates of mineralization on a biomass basis. Up to 17% of the 2,4- dichlorophenol was mineralized over a 17 day period. Growth of the fungi in symbiosis with P. sylvestris stimulated greater mineralization than when fungi were grown in absence of the host. S. variegatus was more efficient than P. involutus (in the presence of P. sylvestris) at mineralizing 2,4- dichlorophenol. Mineralization in vermiculite culture was greatly reduced compared to liquid culture. Only 3% of the 2,4- dichlorophenol was mineralized after 13 days in vermiculite culture for the most efficient degrading treatment.