Mineralization Kinetics of Chemicals in Soils in Relation to Environmental Conditions

Abstract

The mineralization kinetics of the detergentn-dodecylbenzenesulfonate ([14C]LAS) and the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate ([14C]DEHP) were studied in three fresh sampled soils of different type. Time series of14CO2evolution were fitted with various linear and nonlinear models. The kinetics could be represented best by a 3/2-order function with linear adaptation and three parameters:x1describing the gradient of the exponential part of the curve,x2the lag phase, andx3the last, asymptotic part. These parameters as well as the maximal degraded amounts (A) were correlated with various environmental conditions. For LAS,Awas similar in all three soils and was positively related to pH in two soils and to humidity in one soil (rendzina). The parametersx1–x3were positively influenced by soil humidity in all three soils. The degraded amountsA, expressed as percentage of added dose, were independent of initial concentration. BothAand the parametersx1–x3increased with increasing temperature. Degradation was negligible below 3°C. For DEHP, the degradation was much slower than that of LAS and was most rapid and most complete in the rendzina soil. Relative degradationAwas lower for higher initial application rates. Temperature influenced bothAand the lag phase. Degradation was not significant below 10°C.