Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is an alternative endodontic material that predicts conductive or inductive calcified tissue formation from immature pulp mesenchymal stem cells (IPMSCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether MTA could promote reparative odontoblast differentiation via IPMSCs in the early phase of regeneration and compare with calcium hydroxide (CH). Direct pulp capping using calcium hydroxide (CH), MTA, and MTA with platelet-rich plasma (MTA + PRP) was performed on maxillary first molars of 8-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 36). After 3, 7, or 14 days, the teeth were analyzed for mineral density (MD) and volume of MD (VMD) via micro-focusing computed tomography (µCT), nestin, dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (DMP1) immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR for DMP1 mRNA expression. MTA stimulated the early phase differentiation of the IPMSCs into odontoblasts, with positive results for nestin and DMP1 compared with CH. Moreover, MTA + PRP stimulated calcified granule and dentin bridge formation through calcium mineral deposition, following the induction of DMP1 mRNA expression in IPMSCs. Our results suggested that the combination of MTA and PRP is an effective and clinically applicable method for activating endogenous dental pulp stem cells into odontoblasts in the early stages of pulp regeneration.
Highlights
Introduction iationsDirect pulp capping maintains the vitality and function of the dental pulp following its exposure to the external environment
This study aims to examine the biological process of pulp tissue reparative dentinogenesis by Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)
After hemorrhage was controlled with sterile paper points, pulp capping was performed on exposed pulp using the following materials: calcium hydroxide (CH, Dycal®, Dentsply, York, PA, USA), mixed with the same amount of catalyst and base paste on the provided paper, 0.5 g powder form white-tooth-colored MTA (MTA, ProRoot MTA®, Dentsply, York, PA, USA) mixed with 0.2 mL of saline on the glass plate for one minute, or 0.5 g powder of MTA and 0.2 mL
Summary
Introduction iationsDirect pulp capping maintains the vitality and function of the dental pulp following its exposure to the external environment. Calcium hydroxide-based materials have been extensively used for this therapy because of their potential to induce hard-tissue repair and subsequent dentin bridge formation [1]. Has received much attention as a good substitute for calcium hydroxide-based materials, and has demonstrated promising clinical outcomes [2]. MTA research has been focused on the biocompatibility and physical properties suitable for dental application, such as its excellent sealing ability [3]. MTA is a bioactive material developed in the early 1990s, initially a retrograde filling material, that first appeared in the dental scientific literature in 1993 [3]. MTA has been used to seal exposed pulp tissue and the root canal system from surrounding tissues
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