Abstract
A 1, 400m-long core was obtained in Lake Biwa. Mineralogical study was carried out for the core samples. Main constituent minerals are quartz, feldspar, smectite, chlorite, illite and kaolinite. Small amounts of zeolites, amphibole and siderite are found in the samples. Quartz and feldspar are present in every sample, and considerable amounts of illite, chlorite and kaolinite are found in almost every sample. Smectite is not present or hardly detectable in some samples. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to estimate the changes of sizes of Lake Biwa in the past. High concentration of smectite in the samples indicates that the size of Lake Biwa was big at that time, and low concentration of smectite indicates that the Lake Biwa was small. Judging from the changes of the amounts of smectite, quartz and feldspar, it can be estimated that several environmental changes on the sediments happened.
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