Abstract
Utilization of mine wastes as a building material in the construction industry surmises to environmental and sustainable concepts in civil engineering.The potential environmental threat posed by mining wastes, as well as a growing societal awareness of the need to effectively treat mining wastes, has elevated the subject importance.The present research proposes a method of producing bricks that is both cost effective and environmentally benign. The research is based on the geopolymerization, known to save energy by obviating high‐temperature kiln firing and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. The methodology encompasses the mixing of red mud and iron ore tailings in the range of 90% to 50% with a decrement of 10% with GGBS in the range of 10% to 50% with an increment of 10%. The raw materials and the developed composites have been tested as per Indian and ASTM standards.In addition to tests pertaining to the physical and mechanical properties, XRF, XRD, and SEM tests have been performed for examining various related issues. Based on the result analysis, the compressive strength values showed noticeable differences in case of IOT and red mud bricks with IOT‐based bricks showing better compressive strengths.
Highlights
Industrialization and urbanization have resulted in the generation of substantial quantities of industrial wastes, which has the potential to significantly contaminate the environment. e tremendous usage of clay for conventional bricks has led to its depletion. e difficulty in disposing of these primarily created wastes is a major source of concern
To safeguard the natural resources, it would be preferable to use these industrial wastes to make a sustainable building material based on green technology [1]. e characterization and the treatment of residue is a part of mining waste management
Studies have reported the method of geopolymerization to make iron ore tailings bricks to attain a compressive strength of 50 MPa by curing at 80°C [7]. e traditional method of making red mudGGBS bricks by firing has attained a compressive strength of 7.56 MPa [8]. e study has proven the potential use of red mud manufacturing brick as substitute up to 25% to clay [9]
Summary
Industrialization and urbanization have resulted in the generation of substantial quantities of industrial wastes, which has the potential to significantly contaminate the environment. e tremendous usage of clay for conventional bricks has led to its depletion. e difficulty in disposing of these primarily created wastes is a major source of concern. Brick manufacture by blending industrial wastes such as fly ash, GGBS, and slag sand with 8M and 10M geopolymer binder were used to produce high-strength bricks of 25.30 Mpa [3]. Studies have reported the method of geopolymerization to make iron ore tailings bricks to attain a compressive strength of 50 MPa by curing at 80°C [7]. E study has proven the potential use of red mud manufacturing brick as substitute up to 25% to clay [9]. E studies have proven the combination of red mud, fly ash, and lime for fired and unfired bricks to be an ideal brick material [17, 18]. E present study showcases the potential of using iron ore tailings and red mud with GGBS by geopolymerization for the production of eco-friendly bricks which can serve as structural and nonstructural elements
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