Abstract
<p>Three key attentional mechanisms, attentional orienting (curiosity, openness and acceptance), engaging attention and sustaining-monitoring attention are the core skills on-target in any mindfulness-based program. Mindfulness skills are inherently related to top-down processes, such as awareness and reflection as well as bottom-up processes, such as emotional reappraisal, thus they can improve one’s cognitive and emotional regulation. Practitioners become more responsive, calm, and focused while experiencing less stress and distractions. Furthermore, mindfulness has been proven to foster stress resilience and create a great sense of interconnectedness so that it diminishes one’s possible involvement in impulsive behaviors. In addition, these techniques have multiple applications in modern medicine, working environments and school psychology, supported by ICTs to enhance practioners’ health status. Research can be focused on practioners’ mindfulness skills training and assessment through smartphones as a cost-effective and usable, every day treatment.</p>
Highlights
Mindfulness is tied to executive functioning and it can be used as a means for one’s overall cognitive improvement
Top-down processes are defined as awareness and reflection processes that allow for (i) a more elaborate consideration of the situation and context factors and (ii) an emotional reappraisal that involves the skills of psychological disidentification, cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control
Bishop et al.’s (2004) [33] two-component model of mindfulness comprise the self-regulation of attention, so that attention remains focused on the immediate present experience as well as the orientation toward experience and an attitude of curiosity for, openness to, and acceptance of the present moment
Summary
Mindfulness is tied to executive functioning and it can be used as a means for one’s overall cognitive improvement. Mindfulness training for children and adolescents seems to be a promising approach, significantly more research is needed to examine its effectiveness with different populations and in different settings, its mechanisms of change, the specific components needed for successful implementation, and possible concerns or contraindications for its use [23]. This suggests the demand for and utility of a mindfulness training smartphone application. By sampling behavior and experience in real time, it is possible to minimize recall bias, maximize ecological validity and document change over time [29]
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