Abstract
A comparative analysis on search for amino acid sequences in viral proteins causing respiratory infections (or respiratory infections syndrome) homologous to amino acid sequences from some human immune proteins was performed. The following viruses were used for comparative computer analysis: coronavirus (SARS-CoV), serotype C subgroup adenovirus C (adenoid 71 strain), measles virus (ICHINOSE-BA strain), rubella (Therien strain) and respiratory syncytial (B1 strain) virus. The search for homologous sequences in viral and human immune proteins was carried out by computer comparison of 12 amino acid fragments, which were assigned as homologous at identity in ≥ 8 positions. The data obtained showed that viral proteins contained homologous motifs in several host immune proteins involved in regulating both the inflammatory response and immune response. Mechanistically, all viruses studied were characterized by sequences homologous to host immune proteins such as complement system proteins, integrins, apoptosis inhibitory proteins, interleukins, and toll-like receptors. Such cellular proteins are actively involved in regulating host inflammatory process and immune response formation. Upon that, a set of host immune proteins, to which homologous fragments were found in viral proteins, was individual for each virus. Interestingly, the largest amount of homologous fragments (up to 20) was mainly concentrated in viral proteins with polymerase and protease activity suggesting that these proteins apart to their major role were involved in production of viral nucleic acids and might participate in regulating host immune system. Envelope, internal and non-structural viral proteins, homologous fragments were detected in much smaller quantities (from 1 to 4). In addition, two fragments homologous to various motifs of the same cellular protein were detected in some viral proteins. Thus, the data obtained further support our understanding that signs of immune system disorders in viral infections can result from multi-layered processes associated with modulation of host innate and adaptive immune system, and open up new approaches to study interaction of viruses with host immune system and identify new functions of viral proteins.
Highlights
Инфицирование вирусом клеток хозяина приводит к активации его иммунной системы — главной защитной системы, направленной на элиминацию патогена
The following viruses were used for comparative computer analysis
which were assigned as homologous at identity in ≥ 8 positions
Summary
Проведен сравнительный анализ по поиску последовательностей аминокислот в белках вирусов, вызывающих респираторные инфекции (или синдром респираторных инфекций), гомологичных последовательностям аминокислот ряда белков иммунной системы человека. Полученные данные показали, что вирусные белки содержат гомологичные фрагменты ряда белков иммунной системы хозяина, участвующих в регуляции как воспалительного, так и иммунного ответов. Практически для всех исследуемых вирусов характерно наличие гомологичных последовательностей к таким белкам иммунной системы хозяина, как белки системы комплемента, интегрины, апоптоз-ингибирующие белки, интерлейкины, Toll-подобные рецепторы. При этом набор белков иммунной системы хозяина, к которым обнаружены гомолoгичные фрагменты в вирусных белках, индивидуален для каждого исследованного вируса. Что наибольшее количество гомологичных фрагментов (до 20-ти) сосредоточено, в основном, в вирусных белках, обладающих полимеразной и протеазной активностью, что дает основание предположить, что эти белки, помимо своей основной роли — участие в синтезе вирусных нуклеиновых кислот, могут принимать участие в регуляции иммунной системы хозяина.
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