Abstract
Accurate propagation characteristics are essential for future indoor millimeter-wave (mmWave) small cell network planning. This paper presents propagation measurements at 26 GHz and 38 GHz which are important candidate bands for fifth generation mmWave communication. Measurements are conducted in an indoor corridor, as well as a stairwell whose mmWave channel is seldom investigated before. In these measurements, an omnidirectional biconical antenna is used as transmitter and a steerable directional horn antenna is used as receiver. The directional and omnidirectional path loss exponents, shadow factors, cross-polarization discrimination ratios and root-mean-square delay spreads are analyzed for both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight scenarios in both co-polarization and cross-polarization, and these characteristics are compared for different frequencies and environments. It is found obvious depolarization phenomenon in non-line-of-sight scenario for higher frequency. Compared to the corridor, the stairwell has larger path loss exponents and root-mean-square delay spreads, and the depolarization is also more evident in stairwell. The results in this paper are beneficial to building efficient and robust indoor mmWave communication systems.
Highlights
With the advent of fifth generation (5G) mobile communication era and the popularity of internet of things (IoT) technology, the wireless data traffic grows exponentially [1]
The RMS delay spread is larger for NLOS than that for LOS in stairwell, the crosspolarization configuration has larger RMS delay spread than co-polarization in stairwell
The directional and omnidirectional path loss exponent (PLE), shadow factors, XPDs, and RMS delay spreads with associated cumulative distribution functions (CDF) are presented for various cases
Summary
With the advent of fifth generation (5G) mobile communication era and the popularity of internet of things (IoT) technology, the wireless data traffic grows exponentially [1]. Reference [16] investigated large scale fading characteristics such as path loss exponent (PLE), cross-polarization discrimination ratio (XPD), and shadowing factor at 45 GHz in three typical indoor environments. The channel of indoor corridor and stairwell at 26 GHz and 38 GHz are extensively measured, and the directional and omnidirectional PLEs, shadow factors, XPDs and root-mean-square (RMS) delay spreads are analyzed for both LOS and NLOS scenarios in both co-polarization and cross-polarization. At 38 GHz, in co-polarization the fitted results are very similar with those at 26 GHz, in cross-polarization the PLEs and shadow factors are smaller compared to those at 26 GHz which reveals obvious depolarization phenomenon at 38 GHz. The measured and fitted omnidirectional path losses in corridor at 26 GHz and 38 GHz are shown in Fig. 6(a) and (b), respectively.
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