Abstract
Multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (MIMO-OFDM-IM) has recently received increased attention, due to the potential advantage to balance the trade-off between spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE). In this paper, we investigate the application of MIMO-OFDM-IM to millimeter wave (mmWave) communication systems, where a hybrid analogy-digital (HAD) beamforming architecture is employed. Taking advantage of the Pareto-optimal beam design, we propose a feasible solution to approximately achieve a globally Pareto-optimal trade-off between SE and EE, and the collision constraints of the multi-objective optimization problem (MOP) can be solved efficiently. Correspondingly, the MOP of SE-EE trade-off can be converted into a feasible solution for energy-efficient resource usage, by finding the Pareto-optimal set (POS) towards the Pareto front. This combinatorial-oriented resource allocation approach on the SE-EE relation considers the optimal beam design and power control strategies for downlink multi-user mmWave transmission. To ease the system performance evaluation, we adopt the Poisson point process (PPP) to model the mobile data traffic, and the evolutionary algorithm is applied to speed up the search efficiency of the Pareto front. Compared with benchmarks, the experimental results collected from extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed optimization approach is vastly superior to existing algorithms.
Highlights
M ULTIPLE-INPUT multiple-output (MIMO) millimeter wave communication has aroused great expectations on enabling unprecedented high-rate transmission up to multi-gigabit for future wireless communication networks, since a wide chunk of available bandwidth in mmWave frequency band could be authorized to use [2]–[4]
We propose a MIMO-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-IM scheme for hybrid analogy-digital (HAD) beamforming mmWave systems, and a maximum likelihood (ML) detector is employed to decode the information bits from each subblock of MIMO-OFDM with index modulation (OFDM-IM)
To simulate strong users and weak users, the desirable users are chosen from 100 user samples, which are all generated by an independent two-dimensional homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP)
Summary
M ULTIPLE-INPUT multiple-output (MIMO) millimeter wave (mmWave) communication has aroused great expectations on enabling unprecedented high-rate transmission up to multi-gigabit for future wireless communication networks, since a wide chunk of available bandwidth in mmWave frequency band could be authorized to use [2]–[4]. To reduce energy consumption and system design complexity, a two-stage hybrid analogy-digital (HAD) beamforming architecture with reduced RF chains has emerged. Mobile mmWave communication systems will likely operate over wideband channels with frequency selectivity. In this case, the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation can be employed to effectively combat the channel’s frequency selectivity, as well as to provide further improvement in spectral efficiency (SE) [9]
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