Milk productivity of maternal families of Red-and-White breed of cattle

Abstract

An important reserve for improving the effectiveness of milk production is the creation of highly productive breeds of cattle by improving them. Families, which are an integral part of the herd structure are essential in this case. Maternal families play a very important role in breeding work to increase the milk productivity. The milk yield, content of protein and fat in milk, udder shape and teats, milk flow rate are actually measured only on females. In the best factory families identify the most promising highly productive cows, which are subsequently used to obtain sires, which often becoming the ancestors of the lines. The main purpose of working with the family is to develop in the offspring of valuable qualities of the ancestor by mating her, her daughters and granddaughters with the best sires belonging to the best line, to obtain high-value off spring. 26 families, which differ on age, level of productivity, quantity of highly productive cows are allocated in the farms in the Voronezh region. According to the development of breeding characteristics of the family to varying degrees deviate from the indicators of the herd. The best results on milk yield have been obtained in the families: Martha 113, Vishnya 1208, Malvina 166, Skoda 8 and Putana 1312, which exceed the average for the herd from 428 to 1019 kg, or from 7,2 to 17,1 %. On the content of fat in milk the superiority of families was revealed: Drofa 752 by 0,23 %, Soroka 2206 by 0,21 %, Manyunya 1013 by 0,19 %, Kukla 1252 by 0,11 %. In terms of protein content in milk the best families were: Spring 8028 by 0,07 %, Boyarka 2118 by 0,04 %, Vishnya 1208 and Soroka 2206 by 0,03 %. Thus, in order to increase the efficiency of milk production in the Voronezh region it is necessary to use selection of maternal families most widely.