Milk productivity and exterior of holsteinized cows of the Kholmogory breed of different generations

Abstract

The indicators of milk productivity and exteriors of holsteinized cows of Kholmogory breed of different generations were studied during the work. An analysis of the change in the features of the physique with age and the increase in pedigree in the Holstein breed was carried out. As a result of the research, it was found that linear measurements of cows of different generations have certain differences. Thus, the first-calf cows of the 4th generation have larger latitudinal measurements than the herdmates of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd generations. In height, at the withers, they exceed the herdmates of the 1st and 2nd generations by 7.54 cm, the 3rd generation by 4.7 cm, an oblique corpus length - by 6.79-5.55-2.75 cm, respectively. At the same time, the first-calf cows of the 4th generation have a more tender type, their chest girth is smaller than herdmates at 4.04-1.66 cm, the pastern girth - at 1.1-0.29 cm. Reduction of the chest depth from the first generation to the fourth by 2.63 cm is observed in cows of all ages. Full-grown cows of the 4th generation also outperformed their herdmates in the following measurements: the withers height by 7.03 cm of the herdmates of the 1st and 2nd generation and by 2.81 cm of the cows of the 3rd generation, the chest width by 0.12-2.27 cm, width at hips - by 0.23-0.58 cm herdmates of 2 and 3 generations, but gave way by herdmates of the 1st generation by 0.46 cm, an oblique corpus length exceeded the herdmates by 1.27-6.34 cm. The circumference of chest behind the shoulder blades of the 4th generation cows was smaller by 5.37-8.01 cm than in the case of herdmates. The pastern girth in the 4th generation cows was 0.41 cm larger than that of the 3rd generation cows and 0.37-0.45 cm less than in the ones of the 1st and 2nd generation. When comparing milk productivity in cows of different generations, it is clear that the cows of the 4th generation had the highest milk production and live weight.