Abstract
BackgroundGastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. The “economically developed countries” life style, including diet, constitutes a risk factor favoring this cancer. Diet modulation may lower digestive cancer incidence. Among promising food components, dairy propionibacteria were shown to trigger apoptosis of human colon cancer cells, via the release of short-chain fatty acids acetate and propionate.Methodology/Principal FindingsA fermented milk, exclusively fermented by P. freudenreichii, was recently designed. In this work, the pro-apoptotic potential of this new fermented milk was demonstrated on HGT-1 human gastric cancer cells. Fermented milk supernatant induced typical features of apoptosis including chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies, DNA laddering, cell cycle arrest and emergence of a subG1 population, phosphatidylserine exposure at the plasma membrane outer leaflet, reactive oxygen species accumulation, mitochondrial transmembrane potential disruption, caspase activation and cytochrome c release. Remarkably, this new fermented milk containing P. freudenreichii enhanced the cytotoxicity of camptothecin, a drug used in gastric cancer chemotherapy.Conclusions/SignificanceSuch new probiotic fermented milk may thus be useful as part of a preventive diet designed to prevent gastric cancer and/or as a food supplement to potentiate cancer therapeutic treatments.
Highlights
Diet modulates the risk of developing gastric cancer Cancer is the main cause of death in economically developed countries resulting from cancer-associated lifestyle choices including smoking, physical inactivity, and ‘‘westernized’’ diet [1]
We have shown above that propionibacterial metabolites induce apoptosis in HGT-1 cells via the mitochondrial death pathway
A new fermented milk, containing P. freudenreichii as a sole bacterium, was developed in order to further investigate the probiotic potential of this dairy preparation of propionibacteria
Summary
Diet modulates the risk of developing gastric cancer Cancer is the main cause of death in economically developed countries resulting from cancer-associated lifestyle choices including smoking, physical inactivity, and ‘‘westernized’’ diet [1]. The role of diet in cancer development is strongly supported by epidemiological studies, in particular regarding cancers of the digestive tract. Selected strains of probiotic bacteria can limit cancer development in animal models of carcinogenesis [10]. This was evidenced for colon cancer whereas less is known on the possible effects of probiotics on GC. The ‘‘economically developed countries’’ life style, including diet, constitutes a risk factor favoring this cancer. Dairy propionibacteria were shown to trigger apoptosis of human colon cancer cells, via the release of short-chain fatty acids acetate and propionate
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