Abstract
A multimodal drug delivery system targeting the tumor microenvironment is an inspiring method for treating cancer tissues, including oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). Such approaches require an efficient and safe drug carrier. Bovine milk derived exosomes are ideal because the source is adequate and have advantages of both synthetic and cell-mediated nano carriers. In the present study, we developed a pH/light sensitive drug system based on milk-exosomes for OSCC therapy. It was called exosome–doxorubicin–anthracene endoperoxide derivative (Exo@Dox–EPT1, NPs). Milk-exosomes were conjugated to doxorubicin (Dox) by a pH-cleavable bond, which can rapture under an acidic microenvironment. Besides, endoperoxides and chlorin e6 (Ce6) were also loaded and the endoperoxides undergo thermal cycloreversion and release singlet oxygen to kill cancer cells. We have also investigated the body distribution, antitumor effects, and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. The new milk-exosome-based drug delivery system showed controlled drug-release, biocompatibility and, proved to be effective in treating OSCC.
Highlights
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer in the head and neck region.[1]
Cells treated with phosphatebuffered saline (PBS) and incubated with DCFDA were used as controls
The study might be the rst study that a new sensitive drug delivery system based on milk-exosomes for photochemistry therapy against oral squamous cell carcinoma
Summary
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer in the head and neck region.[1] Doxorubicin (Dox), paclitaxel and cisplatin are the rst-line chemotherapy drugs for treating various cancers including OSCC.[2] free agents usually require high dosage and result in unexpected systemic toxicity.[3] Recently, nanomedicine advancement in cancer has provided great opportunities to solve these limitations.[4] Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems could accumulate in tumors through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect Such drug delivery system encapsulated multifunctional drugs could be modi ed with cancerassociated biomarkers to realize active targets.[5,6].
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