Abstract
The roots of today’s military modeling and simulation approaches date back to 1938 when OR emerged after a disappointing exercise conducted by the RAF to test the effectiveness of the newly developed radar. It is fair to say that OR support in WWII was decisive in winning the Battle of Britain in 1940 and the Battle of the Atlantic in 1943. After WWII, military OR was re-awakened by NATO when the Cold War began by facilitating the build-up of national military OR institutions to support defense planners and militaries in sustaining a NATO force structure capable of deterring a Soviet aggression. During the decade of cooperation with Russian analysts after the end of the Cold War we found out that, based on the results of war games and battle simulations, Soviet leaders concluded that the risk of not meeting the operational objectives of a successful attack on NATO was too high. Given Putin’s revisionist policy, NATO’s problem today is how to re-establish deterrence in an ever more complex environment characterized by cyber threats and hybrid warfare. Hopefully, modeling and simulation will again help stabilizing the situation.
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