Abstract
Mild reaction conditions (nearly room temperature and atmospheric CO2 pressure) for the cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates were investigated applying MIL-101(Cr) as a catalyst. The MIL-101 catalyst contains strong acid sites, which promote the ring-opening of the epoxide substrate. Moreover, the high surface area, enabling the adsorption of more CO2 (substrate), combined with a large pore size of the catalyst is essential for the catalytic performance. Additionally, epoxide substrates bearing electron-withdrawing substituents or having a low boiling point demonstrated an excellent conversion towards the cyclic carbonates. MIL-101(Cr) for the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide with epoxides is demonstrated to be a robust and stable catalyst able to be re-used at least five times without loss in activity.
Highlights
Nowadays, only 40% of the total amount of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) generated from human activities is being absorbed by the natural carbon exchange
It is essential to explore new catalysts which are useful in the catalytic performance under milder reaction conditions [8]
The sharp and intense diffraction pattern of MIL-101(Cr), Figure 1a was similar to the patterns of reported
Summary
Only 40% of the total amount of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) generated from human activities is being absorbed by the natural carbon exchange. CO2 capture and the carbon control sequestration may cause CO2 leakage and affect the acidification of natural water resources. It would be a great solution, in the context of economic and environmental benefit, to convert CO2 into useful products instead of CO2 capture or storage. In this regard, the coupling reaction of CO2 with epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates that are further useful in the production of polycarbonate is currently perceived as being friendlier than the industrial production of polycarbonates from bisphenol A, which requires the highly toxic reagent phosgene [3,4,5]. It is essential to explore new catalysts which are useful in the catalytic performance under milder reaction conditions (low temperature and CO2 pressure) [8]
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