Abstract
The article is devoted to a consideration of a migration process as the one that is influencing formation of a modern society. Migration is a factor of modern cultural and social transformations. It is emphasized that migration processes are growing, covering various directions of a society activity. Migration processes are also qualitatively changing society structure and predetermines its directions of development. The necessity to study migration processes from the socio-cultural point of view was substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the motivational factors of migration. The cultural models of migration inherent to migrants on an individual level are presented as a hypothesis guiding sociological cognition in this aspect of scientific knowledge. These include “exodus”, “escape”, “emancipation”, “domination” and “return”. The models reflect sociocultural orientations and subjectively perceived migration objectives. The models consider a number of social attitudes and directions for self-realization of a migrant personality in a new system of social relations.
Highlights
Migration is one of the fundamental factors in the history of formation of human communities, an organic part of social relations
A special role is played by the socio-cultural component of migration processes, which requires a new vision of migration as a social process that forms a modern society, which becomes a recipient of new cultural codes – complexes of values and norms, behavioral stereotypes, models of interpersonal communication
It is necessary to study the socio-cultural impact of migration processes on donor societies, which are transformed as a result of outgoing migration flows
Summary
Migration is one of the fundamental factors in the history of formation of human communities, an organic part of social relations. Its specificity is that the social structure of countries, both in global and local dimensions, was formed through economic and technological progress, and under the influence of large-scale social movements. During different historical epochs migration waves change depending on the scale of social and cultural transformations. At the present stage it is caused by aggravation of interethnic and interstate contradictions, general growth of instability and social tension both inside individual countries and on continents. These processes include many economic, political, military, national, cultural, religious and other factors acting both individually and collectively. Today social movements are an indicator of progress and regression, both global and regional, this indicator reflects the real problems in all spheres of a social life
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