Abstract
This article compares different migration streams in eastern India in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and the different forms of labour recruitment and describes the causes behind the segmentation of these streams....The article focuses on one stream within this complex migration towards the industrial area of Calcutta....The first section gives an overview of migration into Bengal and the various forms of recruitment. The second discusses the replacement of local labour in the industry and it is argued that local labour was not forced out of the industry. In the third section the methods of recruitment in the jute industry are discussed....The fourth part describes the predominant mode of migration which was and has remained circular and the fifth part describes how even the labour process in the industry has been segmented. The sixth part forms the conclusion. (EXCERPT)
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