Migration and the Problematic Issue of State Security. The Need of Securitization of Migration at the Level of European States

Abstract

In analyzing the problems of migration we must take into account factors such as the advancement of technology and communications, the easier access to much faster modes of transportation, the inequality between countries, and not least, the migrants already settled in different countries which are offering support to the new-comers, and all these lead to an increase of international migration. Other important factors include the aging population, the fluctuations of the labor market and the expansion of the medical services which have continuously fuelled the demand for migrants from the developed countries, while the low wages and the high unemployment rate encourage people to look for perspectives outside of the borders of their native country. The political factor is the one that will decide what are the migrations’ threats to national security and how the states from the international system should be treated. Due to the differences in political and global dynamics, international migration has become a bigger and more complex issue. Taking into account the topics presented above, we can assert that the matter of migration has two major directions which coexist, primarily the one which assures the security of migration through different control measures of the frontier and combating illegal immigration. The first direction is very closely tied to the concept of common space of liberty, security and justice. The second one, as a component of the European social model, is focused of the social and economic dimension of migration.