Abstract
Objectiveto analyze the migration of nurses in Brazil, describe the demographic characteristics of migrant nurses, the main migration flows, and establish relationships with the training process. Methoda descriptive, exploratory study, based on 2010 Census data. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Resultthere were 355,383 nurses in Brazil in 2010. Of these, 36,479 (10.3%) reported having moved compared to the year 2005: 18,073 (5.1%) for intrastate migration, 17,525 (4.8%) interstate migration, and 871 (0.2%) international migration. Females (86.3%), Caucasians (65.2%), and unmarried (48.3%) nurses prevailed in the population, without considerable variation between groups according to migration situation. The findings indicate that the migration flows are driven by the training process for states that concentrate a greater number of courses and positions in undergraduate and graduate studies, and the motivation of employment opportunity in regions of economic expansion in the country. Conclusionit is necessary to deepen the discussion on the movement of nurses in Brazil, their motivations, and international migration.
Highlights
In Brazil, the nursing workforce is made up of professional nurses, nurse technicians and nurse auxiliaries
The objective of this study was to analyze the migration of nurses in Brazil, by describing the demographic characteristics of migrant nurses, the main migration flows, and establishing relationships with the training process
The Census found that there were 355,383 nurses living in Brazil in 2010, an amount corresponding to the expansion of the sample of 30,655
Summary
In Brazil, the nursing workforce is made up of professional nurses, nurse technicians and nurse auxiliaries. According to the Federal Council of Nursing, 1,535,568 nursing professionals were registered in March of 2011: 314,127 (20.46%) professional nurses, 698,697 (45.5%) nurse technicians, and 508,182 (33.09%) nurse auxiliaries Of this registered workforce, 55.67% were in the southeast, 19.61% in the northeast, 15.82% in the south, 5.45% in the north, and 3.45% in the Midwestern portion of the country[1]. Data on enrollments in undergraduate nursing programs show that there has been an increase of approximately 100% in four years, considering data from 2004 to 2008, when enrollment rose from 120,851 to 224,330(2). This movement results from the democratization of access to higher education, and results in more availability of nurses in the marketplace
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