Abstract
Recent studies suggest that migraine may be associated with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel syndrome, and celiac disease. Here, an overview of the associations between migraine and GI disorders is presented, as well as possible mechanistic links and clinical implications. People who regularly experience GI symptoms have a higher prevalence of headaches, with a stronger association with increasing headache frequency. Children with a mother with a history of migraine are more likely to have infantile colic. Children with migraine are more likely to have experienced infantile colic compared to controls. Several studies demonstrated significant associations between migraine and celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and IBS. Possible underlying mechanisms of migraine and GI diseases could be increased gut permeability and inflammation. Therefore, it would be worthwhile to investigate these mechanisms further in migraine patients. These mechanisms also give a rationale to investigate the effects of the use of pre- and probiotics in migraine patients.
Highlights
Migraine is a common headache disorder with a lifetime prevalence of 13% in men and 33% in women [1]
It is a disease of the brain, possibly of the brainstem and is associated with increased synthesis and release of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP)
In intestinal disorders characterized by an increased intestinal permeability like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and celiac disease enhanced pro-inflammatory immune responses have been reported [48, 61, 62]
Summary
Migraine is a common headache disorder with a lifetime prevalence of 13% in men and 33% in women [1]. Migraine can be considered as a complex neurogenic inflammatory disorder [3,4,5] but the pathophysiology is still not fully understood [6] It is a disease of the brain, possibly of the brainstem and is associated with increased synthesis and release of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP). Besides gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, the gut microbiota as an independent factor can contribute to systemic diseases This can be caused by the migration of stimulated immune cells, by systemic diffusion of microbial products or metabolites, or by bacterial translocation as a result of decreased intestinal barrier function [15].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
